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The frequency of modal NEED and lexical NEED TO in four Asian national varieties of English

What is it about?

The relative frequencies of NEED and NEED TO in (corpora of) Hong Kong, Singapore, Philippine and Indian English, compared to US and UK English.

Why is it important?

The paper considers the question of whether it is justitified to draw diachronic conclusions from a comparison of synchronic written and spoken data.

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Dirk Noël
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