What is it about?

The study investigated how Speech-Language Pathologists document informed consent when recommending diet changes for people with dysphagia. The investigation reviewed 201 reports from bedside swallow evaluations, modified barium swallow studies, and flexible endoscopic evaluations of swallowing, checking for five key components of informed consent: understanding, disclosure, treatment, alternatives, and patient choice. Documentation was often incomplete. On average, SLPs included only about two of the five components, and no report included all five. Patient choice was more common in outpatient settings than in acute care. Instrumental assessments, such as modified barium swallow studies and flexible endoscopic evaluations of swallowing, were more likely to include elements such as understanding and patient choice than clinical swallow evaluations. Overall, results highlight a disconnect between expected standards and current documentation practices. Missing components of informed consent limit support for patient autonomy and increase liability concerns. More education, training, and consistent use of informed consent processes would help improve practice and better protect both individuals with dysphagia and clinicians.

Why is it important?

Informed consent is required by law and the ASHA Code of Ethics. Lack of documentation may cause concerns for patient autonomy and professional liability.