Teaching speech pathology students how to perform endoscopy using affordable 3D-printed models

What is it about?

This study explores a more affordable way to train future speech-language pathologists in a specialized clinical procedure called nasopharyngoscopy. This procedure uses a flexible camera to look at how the soft palate and throat move during speech, and it is essential for diagnosing speech and resonance problems in people with cleft palate or similar conditions. Traditionally, students practice on expensive, ready-made models, which are often unavailable due to cost. We tested whether a low-cost, 3D-printed model could provide the same training benefits. Thirty-six final-year students in Türkiye were randomly assigned to train with either a 3D-printed or a ready-made model. Both groups showed equal improvement in their confidence, skills, and satisfaction. Our results show that affordable, anatomically accurate 3D-printed models can be just as effective as costly ones. This can help more programs, especially in low-resource settings, offer high-quality hands-on training in a critical clinical skill.

Why is it important?

This study offers a timely and practical solution to a widespread problem in clinical education: the high cost and limited accessibility of simulation models for nasopharyngoscopy training. By demonstrating that a 3D-printed model costing only $48 is just as effective as commercial models that cost many times more, this research opens the door for more equitable training opportunities, especially in under-resourced programs. This study stands out for evaluating a realistic and affordable 3D-printed model in a training context where such options are rarely tested. The findings have implications not only for speech-language pathology education but also for broader simulation-based training approaches in healthcare.